=========================================================================== CircuitMaker 4 Schematic Capture and Circuit Simulation DEMO Version for Windows 3.1 or greater A professional level, low cost PCB layout program called TraxMaker is available separately. Copyright (c) 1987-1995 MicroCode Engineering, Inc. 573 W. 1830 N. Suite 4 Orem, UT 84057 Tel: (800)419-4242 or (801)226-4470 Fax: (801)226-6532 NOTE: Commercial distribution of this demo without the written permission of MicroCode Engineering, Inc. is prohibited. ============================================================================ With the DEMO version of CircuitMaker: - you cannot save any changes. - you have a limited selection of devices. The full version of CircuitMaker contains 1500+ devices. - you may print, export, or simulate any of the circuits provided with the demo, even if you change the component values or analysis settings. - you may create and simulate any digital circuit using the limited devices provided. - if you make any changes to a circuit (such as adding devices or wires) you will not be able to print, export or run analog simulations on the circuit. System Requirements =================== - IBM compatible 386 PC or later. - Math coprocessor recommended for analog simulation. - 3-1/2" high density disk drive. - 10MB of available hard disk space and 4MB of RAM. - Mouse or other pointing device. - Microsoft Windows 3.1 or later for 16-bit version. - Windows 95 or Windows NT for 32-bit version. - VGA (or higher) resolution video card and monitor (color preferred). Installation ============ 1. Use PKUNZIP 2.04g or later to unzip CMDEMO.ZIP into a directory called CMDEMO. 2. Go to Windows or Windows 95 and run SETUP.EXE. 3. Follow the on-screen prompts. 4. When the installation is finished, double-click on the CircuitMaker Demo icon to run the demo. 5. The demo can be uninstalled by simply deleting the CMDEMO directory. What is CircuitMaker? ===================== CircuitMaker is a powerful, yet easy to use, schematic capture and circuit simulation program. CircuitMaker's user-friendly interface allows you to quickly and easily draw, modify and combine analog and digital circuit diagrams. Its powerful built-in digital and analog simulation capability can save you time and money by allowing you to check your designs before you build them. CircuitMaker's many unique features help relieve the frustration encountered by circuit designers and encourage creativity and exploration. TraxMaker is an autorouting Printed Circuit Board (PCB) layout program which is also available from MicroCode Engineering, Inc. Contact us at the address below for full details. Drawing a Schematic =================== To draw a circuit diagram, you simply use the mouse to select devices from the library and to connect wires between the devices. Features such as Autorouting and SmartWires simplify the task of drawing any circuit. Editing features such as rubberband move of wires and devices, cut, copy and paste, the ability to rotate and mirror devices, and the ability to spread the circuit out over several pages, further simplify the circuit drawing process. To begin, go to the File menu and open the file labeled "SCHEMA.CIR". A simple, partially drawn schematic will appear on your screen. Press the "9" hotkey on the keyboard to select a Logic Display. Place the display above and to the right of the inverter. Select the Wire Tool (Alt+W) from the Toolbar and center the cursor on the output pin of the Logic Switch. Click and HOLD the left mouse button, then drag the wire to the input pin of the inverter and release the mouse button to connect the wire. A round pin dot will appear at each end of the wire to confirm the connection. You don't need to be exact when aligning the wire to the pin. CircuitMaker has a feature called "SmartWires" which automatically adjusts the wire, connecting it to the input pin. When the cursor gets close to the pin, a small rectangle is displayed, highlighting the pin. The wire will snap to the point highlighted by the rectangle. The size of the rectangle is user programmable in the Preferences dialog box. Wires can be moved around with the Arrow Tool after they have been placed in the circuit. Position the wiring cursor over the output pin of the inverter. Click and HOLD the mouse button, then drag the end of the wire to the pin of the Logic Display and release the mouse button. Manual routing of wires is also available. To route wires manually, Select the Wire Tool, then click and RELEASE the mouse button to start the wire. Drag the mouse in the direction you want to go (horizontal or vertical). An extended wiring cursor is displayed to help you precisely align wires with other wire, devices, etc. Click once to turn the wire 90 degrees. Double-click to end the wire or single-click on a device pin or wire. Editing Features ================ CircuitMaker uses a feature known as "rubberbanding". This allows you to move a device or wire, while still maintaining full circuit connectivity. To do this, select the Arrow Tool (Alt+A) from the Toolbar. Select the display or any other device in the sample circuit, drag it to a new location and drop it. Select the Delete Tool (Alt+D) from the Toolbar. Place the tip of the Delete Tool on a device or wire and click. Use the Delete Tool to quickly delete unwanted wires, devices and text. To undelete, type Ctrl+Z. CircuitMaker allows you to place multi-line, fully stylized text anywhere in the schematic. To place text, click on the Text Tool (Alt+T) in the Toolbar, move the cursor to the desired location and click. These are the basics of drawing a schematic within the CircuitMaker environment. With CircuitMaker, drawing schematics can be fast, flexible and fun. Simulation Overview =================== One of the most powerful features of CircuitMaker is its ability to simulate your design. This enables you to detect and correct design errors prior to investing time and money in the construction of actual hardware prototypes. CircuitMaker is capable of running two different types of simulations and IT IS IMPORTANT TO UNDERSTAND THE DIFFERENCES. The Analog/Digital button in the Toolbar indicates which mode is selected. DIGITAL electronics is the world of the computer. The binary 1's and 0's of the computer are actually the high and low voltage levels of tiny electronic devices known as integrated circuits. Digital simulation, then, becomes a relatively simple task because of the limited number of digital states that must be represented. In general, the digital devices and instruments in the library--74xxx devices, Data Sequencer, etc.--are intended to be used with the digital simulator only. The digital simulator is quick and fully interactive, meaning that you can flip switches, altering the circuit with the simulation free running and immediately see the response of the circuit. ANALOG is the classic world of electronics. There are no logic state restrictions as in digital electronics; the voltage level of any given circuit node is not limited to high or low. Analog simulation, therefore, is much more complex. CircuitMaker's analog simulation is based on Berkeley SPICE3 which provides the simulation model for a wide variety of analog devices, including both passive and active devices. The analog devices and instruments in the library--capacitors, transistors, Signal Generator, etc.--are intended to be used with the analog simulator only. The analog simulator generates a data set based on the analysis parameters selected by the user. This data can then be analyzed in the graphics windows. Some analog devices may be used in the digital simulator and some digital devices can be used in the analog simulator. This allows for MIXED-MODE simulation of many circuits. For example, items such as resistors and LEDs may be used in the digital simulator and generic SPICE data has been provided for base level digital devices such as gates and flip-flops to allow them to be used in the analog simulator. CircuitMaker also features several animated digital devices which can be used to make interesting real-life circuits. Animated devices include a window which opens and closes and a race car and rocket which move across the screen. Digital Simulation ================== Go to the File menu and open the CircuitMaker file labeled "SIM.CIR". On your screen you will observe three simple circuits. They are designed to introduce you to the simulation features of CircuitMaker. To start a simulation, click on the Run button in the Toolbar. To stop a simulation, click on the Stop Sign that replaced the Run button in the Toolbar. To reset the circuit to the starting state, click on the Reset button in the Toolbar. Start the simulation by clicking on the Run button (or F10) in the Toolbar. Toggle the position of the switch in the sample circuit by clicking on it. Operation of the circuit can be observed in four ways: 1. Select the Probe Tool (Alt+P) from the Toolbar and touch the tip of it on any wire. The triangle indicator in the Probe tool indicates the respective high or low state of the wire being probed. If no triangle appears, this indicates an unknown state. A wire can be probed while the simulation is running or after it has stopped. The tip of the Probe Tool can be used as a pointer to toggle the position of a switch. When clicked on a wire, it will toggle the state of the wire. 2. Circuit operation can be observed by connecting any of a variety of displays and then monitoring the conditions shown on them. Observe the displays in the simulation circuit. 3. Enable the "Trace" feature by clicking on the Trace button (F11) in the Toolbar. The state of every wire in the circuit is shown simultaneously as the simulation runs. In this mode wires at a logic one are shown as red, wires at a logic zero as blue, and wires at an unknown or tri-state as green. 4. Any number of logic SCOPE probes can be connected at any point in the circuit, thus causing the timing diagrams for those nodes to be shown in a separate Waveforms window. To observe the timing diagrams, click on the Waveforms button (Ctrl+W) in the Toolbar. A separate Waveforms window will appear. Stop the simulation by clicking on the Stop Sign (or F10) that replaced the Run button in the Toolbar. CircuitMaker gives the user the option of setting breakpoints. To accomplish this, click once on the A1 breakpoint rectangle at the left of the Waveforms window. Click twice on the A2 breakpoint rectangle. By leaving the A3 breakpoint rectangle unaltered it will have no effect on the breakpoint. Reset the simulation by clicking on the Reset button in the Toolbar (or Ctrl+Q). Then click the Run button (or F10) to start the simulation. The simulation will halt at the specified breakpoint. The right edge of the Waveforms window is the point where the actual breakpoint is registered. Click several times on the Step button (or F9) in the Toolbar to advance the Waveforms one tick at a time. As you do this you will notice that the circuit did stop when the specified condition occurred. Its Expandable! =============== CircuitMaker is expandable because it enables you to create your own completely functional devices and nonfunctional device symbols. You can either design your own package for a macro or choose one that CircuitMaker provides. In addition, macros can be recalled from the library, expanded, edited and resaved at any time. With the Arrow Tool (Alt+A), select the device on your screen labeled Macro (in SIM.CIR). Select the "Expand Macro" command in the Macros menu. Your screen will be cleared and the macro will be expanded revealing its internal circuitry. Select the device labeled Macro 2 and expand this macro. As you can see, CircuitMaker allows you to create nested macros. Analog Simulation ================= This section provides a brief introduction to CircuitMaker's analog simulation capabilities. It demonstrates creating a simple amplifier circuit, setting up the analyses, and running the simulation. NOTE: Any circuit that is provided with the demo can be simulated. The demo version, however, does not allow you to simulate new or modified circuits. Simple DC Circuit ----------------- To begin, we will create a simple series resistor circuit and demonstrate how to measure voltage and current. 1. Select "New" from the File menu. An "Untitled" circuit window will be opened. 2. Select Analog simulation mode. The transistor icon should be visible in the Toolbar, not the AND gate icon. If the AND gate icon is displayed on the button, click on the button. 3. Make sure the "Auto Designation" option in the Options menu is enabled (so there is a checkmark by it). 1k 1k --------/\/\/\/-----------/\/\/\/------ | + | ----- | --- 10V | ----- | --- | | - | -------------------*------------------- | --- /// 4. Draw the circuit as shown using the following devices: Press the 'b' hotkey on the keyboard to select 1 Battery. Press the 'r' hotkey to select 2 Resistors. Press the '0' hotkey to select 1 Ground. Use the Wire Tool to wire the circuit together. NOTE: EVERY ANALOG CIRCUIT MUST HAVE A GROUND DEVICE AND EVERY NODE MUST HAVE A DC PATH TO GROUND. 5. Click on the Run button in the Toolbar to start the simulation. Because this is a demo version, CircuitMaker will display a message stating that simulation data cannot be generated on a new or modified circuit. The circuit just constructed, however, is part of the demo package. Load it by going to the File menu and selecting the "Open..." command. Select the file "SERIES.CIR". The circuit will be loaded into memory and can now be simulated. Click on the Run button in the Toolbar again. The Value Window will now be displayed. 6. Click on the WIRE connected to the (+) terminal of the Battery with the Probe Tool. The DC VOLTAGE at that node (+10V) will be displayed in the Value Window. Click on the wire connected between the two resistors. The DC voltage at that node (+5V) will be displayed in the Value Window. Click on the (+) PIN of the Battery or on one of the resistor pins. The CURRENT through the device (5mA) will be displayed in the Value Window. Click on one of the resistors. The POWER dissipated by that device (25mW) will be displayed in the Value Window. If you click on a wire connected to ground you will get a message stating that there isn't any simulation data for this node. This is because SPICE does not collect data for the ground node since it is always at 0V. 7. Click on the Stop button in the Toolbar to stop the simulation and return to editing mode. Amplifier Circuit ----------------- For our next example we will create a 10X amplifier circuit using a uA741 operational amplifier. Our first example used the automatic setup mode where we let CircuitMaker choose the appropriate analysis type(s) and set up the corresponding analysis parameters. In this example we turn this automatic setup mode off in order to illustrate manually setting up the analyses. NOTE: In this configuration, voltage gain = RF/RI. 1. Select "New" from the File menu. An "Untitled" circuit window will be opened. 2. Select Analog simulation mode. The transistor icon should be visible in the Toolbar, not the AND gate icon. If the AND gate icon is displayed on the button, click on the button. 3. DISABLE the "Auto Designation" option in the Options menu (so there is no checkmark by it). This allows us to specify our own designation for each device (e.g., Vcc, U1, RF, etc.) RF 100k ------/\/\/---------- | | Vin | Vcc | -100m/100mV | +12V | ---------- RI | |\ o | | | 10k | | \| U1 | | SINE |--/\/\/--*-----|- \ UA741 | | WAVE | | >------* | |---------*-----|+ / | | 10.kHz | | | /| \ RL ---------- | |/ o / 25k --- -12V \ /// Vee | --- /// 4. Draw the circuit as shown (don't worry about the values), using the following devices. Press the "g" hotkey on the keyboard to select 1 Signal Gen (Vin on the schematic). Press the "1" hotkey to select 2 +V devices (Vcc and Vee). Press the "0" hotkey to select 2 Grounds. Press the "r" hotkey to select 3 Resistors (RI, RF and RL). To place the Op Amp (U1), first press the "x" hotkey to invoke the Device Selection dialog box. Select "Linear ICs" from the Major Device Class list and "Op Amps" from the Minor Device Class list. Select Op-Amp5 from the Device Symbol list and UA741 from the SPICE Models/Subcircuits list (it's near the bottom of the list). Finally, click on the Select button. Devices can be rotated in 90 degree increments by selecting the device with the mouse and clicking on the "Rotate 90" button in the Toolbar (it's the button that looks like a right angle with a curved arrow). Use this method to rotate the -12V supply and RL. Use the Wire Tool (+) to wire the circuit together. Use the Arrow Tool to drag devices and wires around to make the circuit look nice. 5. Select the Arrow Tool from the Toolbar and double-click on the Op Amp. Click on the "Netlist..." button. Set the Designation field to "U1" and visible. Click on the "Ok" button, then the "Exit" button. 6. Double-click on the TOP +V device. Set the Label-Value field to "+12V" and visible. Set the Designation field to "Vcc" and visible. Set the Device field to NOT visible. Click on the "Ok" button. 7. Double-click on the BOTTOM +V device. Set the Label-Value field to "-12V" and visible. Set the Designation field to "Vee" and visible. Set the Device field to NOT visible. Click on the "Ok" button. Click and drag the labels so they are positioned as shown on the schematic. 8. Double-click on each resistor to change both its Label-Value and its Designation and make them visible. Set them up as follows (refer to the circuit diagram): Resistor Label-Value Designation Input 10k RI Feedback 100k RF Load 25k RL 9. Double-click on the Signal Generator. Set the Peak Amplitude to 0.1V and the frequency to 10kHz. Click on the "Wave..." button. Enable the "Source" checkbox for AC Analysis. Set Magnitude to -0.1V and Phase to 0. Click on the "OK" button. The Signal Generator can now be used as a reference for the AC analysis. Click on the "Netlist..." button. Set the Designation field to "Vin" and visible. Click on the "OK" button. Again, click on the "OK" button to Exit. 10. Select the Probe Tool in the Toolbar. Using the left mouse button, click on the wire connected to the output of the Op-Amp with the tip of the Probe Tool. A Run-Time Test Point will be placed on that node and a dialog box will be displayed. Enable the AC, DC and TRAN checkboxes and change Max. Scale of the DC graph to 15. Click on the OK button. SETTING UP THE ANALYSES ----------------------- Once the circuit has been created, we will set up the analyses. When we run the simulation, the results will be based on the setup conditions provided here. 1. Select "Analog Analyses..." from the Options menu. 2. Click on the "Always Set Defaults..." checkbox so it is cleared. This gives you access to the Transient and Operating Point Analysis setups. When this box is checked, defaults are used every time you run the simulation. 3. Click on the "Default Setup" button for default transient analysis setups. This will provide simulation for 5 cycles of the input signal with 200 data points. For best reliability, "Max Step" should be the same size as "Step Time". 4. Select DC in the Operating Point section. This sets the initial display mode of the Value window to DC. Transient Analysis must be enabled in order to obtain AC or DC values. Operating Point must be enabled in order to use the Value window. 5. Enable the DC Analysis. Set it up as follows: Source Name Start Stop Step Primary Vin -1.5V -.7V 0.01V Secondary Vcc 10V 14V 1V This setup will allow us to sweep the voltage of Vin over the specified range at each of 5 different Vcc levels. 5. Enable the AC Analysis. Set it up as follows: Start Frequency Stop Frequency Test Points Sweep 1 Hz 1MegHz 100 Linear This setup will allow us to plot the frequency response of the circuit. 6. Click on the "Ok" button to save the settings. You have just completed everything required to prepare your own circuit for analog simulation. However, the demo version of CircuitMaker does not allow you to save this circuit or run a simulation on a new or modified analog circuit. In the next section you will examine the simulation data of an existing circuit. RUNNING THE SIMULATION ---------------------- When you run the simulation, an interactive SPICE simulation window will be displayed showing the progress of the simulation. If Run-Time Test Points have been placed in your circuit, you will be able to monitor the results as the data is collected. Otherwise, you will see only a bar graph showing the progress of the simulation. The amount of time it takes to finish is based on the analyses that are enabled and their setup values, the complexity of the circuit, and the speed of your computer. Since the demo version of the SPICE simulator will not run on new or modified analog circuits, you can only simulate the circuits provided with the demo. 1. Select the "Open" command from the "File" menu. Open the file "OPAMP.CKT". This is the same as the circuit you just created. 2. Click on the "Run" button in the Toolbar (the running man) to start the simulation. The interactive SPICE simulation window will be displayed showing the waveforms as the data is collected. When the SPICE data collection has completed, the analysis windows will be displayed. 3. Select the "Fit Circuit to Window" command (press F4) to make the entire circuit visible. 4. Click on the Value window to select it (it's in the upper left hand corner of the screen). Click on any wire in the circuit (except a wire connected to ground) with the Probe Tool. The DC voltage at that node will be displayed in the Value window. SPICE data is not collected for the Ground node in the circuit; it is always at zero volts. 5. Click on the "pin" of the +12V power supply (click above the pin dot, very close to the circle or you may get the wire instead). The DC current through that supply will be displayed in the Value window (if you clicked too near the wire, the voltage for this node will be shown instead of the current). NOTE: SPICE sees the current flowing INTO the positive node of a power supply, Multimeter or Signal Generator as positive current. 6. Double-click inside the Value window and change the setting to AC RMS. Click on the "OK" button. Now when you click in the circuit the AC voltage or current will be displayed. 7. Click in the Transient Analysis window to select it, then click on the wire connected to the output of the Signal Generator with the Probe Tool. A green waveform will be displayed in the Transient Analysis window, similar to what would be seen on an oscilloscope. 8. Hold down the SHIFT key and click on wire connected to the output of the Op Amp. A second (yellow) waveform will be displayed in the Transient Analysis window. A quick comparison of the two waveforms will confirm that the amplitude at the output of the amplifier is much greater than the amplitude at the input. 9. Click on the "c" cursor at the far right of the Transient Analysis window and drag it to the top peak of the input waveform (the green one). Click on the "d" cursor and drag it to the top peak of the output waveform (the yellow one). The actual peak voltages are displayed at top of the graph as "Yc" and "Yd". As you can see from the "Yc" and "Yd" values, the peak voltage at the output of the amplifier is 10 times the peak voltage at the input of the amplifier. The difference between the two Y cursors is shown as "c-d". 10. Click on the "b" cursor at the top of the Transient Analysis graph and drag it to the top peak of the first cycle of the output waveform. Click on the "a" cursor and drag it to the top peak of the second cycle of the output waveform. The period (period = 1/frequency) of the signal is shown as the difference between the two X cursors as "a-b". 11. Click and drag a selection rectangle around a portion of the waveforms in the Transient Analysis window. The view will "zoom in" on the portion of the waveform selected. To restore the original view, click on the Reset button (the right button) in the upper left hand corner of the window. 12. Click on the DC Analysis window to select it, then click on any wire in the circuit. A DC analysis waveform will be displayed in the window, similar to what would be seen on a curve tracer. The cursors can be used to get measurements from the waveforms. 13. Click on the AC Analysis window to select it, then click on the wire at the output of the Op Amp. An AC analysis waveform will be displayed in the window. Click on the Setup button (the top-left button) in the upper left-hand corner of the AC Analysis window. Select "Log" scale for the X Grid, select Decibels for the Y Axis enable "Solid Grid Lines" for both the X and Y Grids and enable the "Show Wave Grid" checkbox. Click on the OK button. The waveform will now show the response of the circuit over the specified frequency. The cursors can be used to get measurements from the waveforms. 14. Click on the Stop button in the Toolbar to stop the simulation and return to editing mode. Fault Injection and Troubleshooting =================================== CircuitMaker features a powerful fault injection capability which enables those teaching electronics to create meaningful troubleshooting experiences for the student. A wide variety of faults can be injected into both analog and digital circuits including stuck high, stuck low, open, short, and wrong value. The instructor has complete control over the range of tools which the student is allowed to use to isolate faults. For example, the instructor can restrict the student so they can only make measurements in order to locate faults thus forcing the student to carefully analyze the operation of the circuit rather than just replacing all suspect components. The instructor can provide hints to assist the student and CircuitMaker keeps track of the number of hints viewed by the student. In addition, CircuitMaker will keep track of how many good and faulty devices have been replaced. No other simulator provides such a comprehensive and flexible electronics troubleshooting system! Digital Fault Example ===================== 1. Open the example circuit DIGFAULT.CIR. This is a 1-of-4 decoder/demultiplexer. 2. Press the Run button in the Toolbar to run the simulation. 3. Click on the switches and monitor the outputs. They should function according to the following table. An 'X' in the table means "don't care". AA OOOO E 10 3210 =========== 0 XX 0000 1 00 0001 1 01 0010 1 10 0100 1 11 1000 4. Stop the simulation by clicking on the Stop button in the Toolbar. 5. Double-click on AND gate U2A to bring up the Edit Device Data dialog box. Click on the "Faults..." button to bring up the Device Faults dialog box. 6. Click on the Enable checkbox (so it is checked) to enable fault data for this device. 7. Select pin 1 from the Device Pins list, then click on the HIGH button to force the input to act as though it were always held in a high state. Since this is an input pin, you can also check the Internal High checkbox. This means that the wire connected to the input is not forced to remain in the high state. 8. Type "What is wrong with this device?" into the Hint Message field. 9. Click on OK to exit the Device Faults dialog box, then click on OK to exit the Edit Device Data dialog box. 10. Select "Preferences..." from the File menu to bring up the Preferences dialog box. Click on the "Circuit Fault Data..." button to bring up the Circuit Faults dialog box. 11. Click on the "Device Data Display" and "Digital Trace" checkboxes so they are checked. This prevents the student from viewing the Edit Device Data dialog box or using CircuitMaker's Trace feature to debug the circuit. 12. Click on the "Clear Hints/Replacements" button to make sure these flags are cleared. 13. Type "xxx" into the "Fault Lock Password" field. 14. Click on "OK" to exit the Circuit Faults dialog box, then click on "OK" to exit the Preferences dialog box. 15. Press the Run button in the Toolbar to run the simulation again. 16. Step through the table again, but note the problem with address 01 (both O1 and O3 have gone low). 17. With address 01 selected (Enable = high, A0 = high, A1 = low), select the Probe Tool from the Toolbar and position it's tip over the output of U2A. Note that the output is low (as indicated by the LED). 18. Check the logic state of the inputs and output of U2A using the logic probe. Note that two of the inputs are high while the third input is low. This should cause the output of the NAND gate to be low but instead it is high. The student might determine from this that the NAND gate is not functioning properly and want to replace it. 19. Stop the simulation by clicking on the Stop button in the Toolbar. 20. Select the Arrow Tool from the Toolbar and double-click on AND gate U2A to bring up the Access Faults dialog box. Click on the "Display Hint" button to view the hint. 21. Double-click on the AND gate again to bring up the Access Faults dialog box. Click on the "Replace Device" button to disable the fault data for this device. 22. Run the simulation again to see if the problem has been fixed. 23. Stop the simulation a select "Preferences..." from the File menu to bring up the Preferences dialog box. Click on the "Circuit Fault Data..." button to bring up the Access Faults dialog box. 24. Type "xxx" into the "Password" field and click "OK" to bring up the Circuit Faults dialog box. 25. Note that there was one device replaced and one hint displayed. 26. Click on the "Device Data Display" and "Digital Trace" checkboxes to remove the checks. Delete the "xxx" from the "Fault Lock Password" field. 27. Click on the "Select Replaced Devices" button. 28. Click on "OK" to exit the Circuit Faults dialog box, then click on "OK" to exit the Preferences dialog box. The device that was replaced (U2A) will be selected. Thank you for your time ======================= We have highlighted only a few of CircuitMaker's features. We hope you will take some additional time to explore and test this powerful software. We hope you have enjoyed your CircuitMaker experience. Don't miss these exciting features in CircuitMaker! =================================================== QUICK AND EASY SCHEMATIC CAPTURE -cut, copy and paste of selected items -undo support -90 degree device rotation -device mirroring -user definable hotkeys -parts browser -repeat placement of a device -fully integrated auto/manual wire routing -SmartWires for quick wiring connections -easy to draw and edit bus wires -cut and extend bus and regular wires -analog and digital device libraries -user-defined devices and symbols -complete macro device capability -rubberbanding of wires and devices -complete annotation of devices -multi-page layout and page connectors -fully stylized multi-line text -zoom in or out on an area or item in user definable steps -fit circuit to window function -user-selectable colors -user-definable grid and page size -export circuit drawings and waveforms -supports selectable printers and plotters -adjustable print scaling -generate parts lists -generate PCB netlist files for TraxMaker and compatible products -optional TraxMaker autorouting PCB layout program -multi-part packages -built-in Symbol Editor to create custom device symbols POWERFUL DIGITAL SIMULATOR -fully interactive -built-in logic probe -Trace feature -single-step simulation mode -set breakpoints -extensive device libraries included -create new digital macro devices to add to the libraries -digital fault simulation -animated devices: car, rocket, window, DC motor, stepper motor ACCURATE ANALOG SIMULATIONS BASED ON BERKELEY SPICE3 -includes SPICE model and subcircuit libraries -import your existing SPICE libraries -mixed-mode simulation of all base-level digital devices (gates, flip-flops, buffers, inverters) -export SPICE3 compatible netlists -multifunction signal generators (sine, single frequency FM, exponential, pulse, sawtooth, triangle, piecewise linear) -multimeters (measure DC or AC voltage, current, resistance) -unlimited number of instruments -comprehensive analog fault injection -view simulation results as the data is being collected -full screen analog waveform analysis -view any number of waveform simultaneously -plot voltage, current, power dissipation, frequency response and dc characteristics -create fully functional analog macros and SPICE subcircuits -zoom in on selected area of a waveform -choice of manual or automatic scaling mode in the analysis windows -value labeling of the X and Y axes for all graphics windows -measurement cursors provide quick and accurate measurements in all analysis windows -use external data files to drive the signal generator -nonlinear math functions AND MORE! -includes both 16- and 32-bit versions -unlimited experimenting -extensive context sensitive on-line help -comprehensive User Manual -free technical support by qualified engineers -site licensing available -multi-user (project) installations Ordering Information ==================== The complete version of CircuitMaker is just $299. We accept VISA, MasterCard or American Express. Call us at the phone number listed below by 3:00 PM Mountain Time and we will ship your order the same day. See for yourself why students, hobbyists and professionals around the globe are using CircuitMaker. Registered User Support ======================= We offer our registered users free, unlimited technical phone support from experienced engineers. Registered users also receive substantially discounted upgrades. The quality of our support is second to none! CircuitMaker(R) is a registered trademark of MicroCode Engineering. All other trademarks are the property of their respective holders. MicroCode Engineering 573 West 1830 North, Suite 4 Orem, UT 84057 USA To order, contact your local dealer or call toll free: (800)419-4242 in the USA or call: (801)226-4470 FAX: (801)226-6532 Visit our home page on the World Wide Web! http://www.microcode.com